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Clients with chronic respiratory disorders tend to develop ____ as a consequence of cor pulmonale |
right-sided heart failure |
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In cardiogenic pulmonary edema, the ____ becomes incapable of maintaining sufficient output of blood with each contraction |
Left ventricle |
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As cardiac output falls, the client becomes |
hypotensive |
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In stage ____ of chronic heart failure, structural heart changes have developed, but there are no s/s of heart failure |
B |
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A hormone secreted by the adrenal gland that causes retention of sodium and water to increase the BP |
Aldosterone |
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A condition associated with right-sided heart failure, which can be observed in the client's feet and ankles |
pitting edema |
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A client experiences unusual fatigue with strenuous activity which is associated with _____ heart failure |
Left sided |
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Client may have a Hx of gradual unexplained weight gain from fluid retention which is r /t ____ heart failure |
right-sided |
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Client experiences exertional dyspnea which is r/t ____ heart failure |
Left sided |
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Cleilnt experiences anorexia, nausea, and flatulence r/t ____ heart failure |
Right sided |
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Client experiences decreased urine output with ____ heart failure |
Left sided |
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A condition associated with left-sided heart failure, which prompts the client to use several pillows in bed or to sleep in chair or recliner |
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea |
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A technique that restores synchrony in the contractions of the right and left ventricles |
cardio resynchronization therapy |
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Reduces venous return to the heart |
Diuretic |
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Relieves anxiety and reduces respiratory rate |
Morphine |
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_____ may mask clinical signs of malnutrition |
edema |
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increases with arterial hypertension, aortic stenosis, pulmonary hypertension, or excessive blood volume from renal failure |
Afterload |
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The kidneys secrete ____ in response to decreased blood flow |
renin |
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Angiotensin causes |
vasoconstriction and increases BP |
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Sensing an increase in fluid pressure within the heart, the ventricles secrete a neurohormone known as |
β-type natriuretic peptide (BNP |
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http://wps.prenhall.com/chet_lemone_medicalsurg |
test bank |
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The patient is taking Digoxin and Lasix what should be monitored in this patient |
potassium level |
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The nurse ausculates crackles,BP156/70,HR122,R32 the pt. is given Digoxin and Lasix what is the therapeutic repsonse |
Decrease HR and R |
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The pt. has labored respirations,tachypnea,crackles what medication would be given MS or Lasix |
Morphine |
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Which of the following assessment findings by the nurse indicates left-sided heart failure? |
Shortness of breath, tachycardia, and orthopnea |
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A nurse, assessing a client's heart sounds, notes a murmur at the right sternal border, 2nd intercostal space. The nurse recognizes this finding indicates which of the following |
Aortic stenosis |
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A client with left ventricular hypertrophy asks the nurse to explain the purpose of the left ventricle. The nurse informs the client that which of the following is the purpose of the left ventricle |
Receives freshly oxygenated blood from the left atrium and pumps it out the aorta to the arterial circulation |
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the normal "pacemaker" of the heart is |
sinoatrial (SA) node |
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A nurse, assessing a client's cardiovascular status, simultaneously palpates the radial pulse while listening to the apical pulse. The nurse notes the radial pulse falls behind the apical pulse and recognizes this as an indication of |
Weak, ineffective contractions of the left ventricle |
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A nursing student is learning cardiac assessment. The student correctly identifies the first heart sound as which of the following |
Closure of the atrioventricular valves |
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related to ineffective ventricular contraction, tachycardia, reduced stroke volume, hypertension, and increased vascular volume |
decreased cardiac output |
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Diuretics decrease _____ by reducing circulating fluid volume |
afterload |
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Risk for Impaired Gas Exchange related to _____secondary to ____ dysfunction |
pulmonary congestion |
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a frequent complication of left-sided heart failure |
pulmonary edema |
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Clients with mild heart failure can tolerated up ___ mg of sodium |
3000 |
