Social Studies Ides

Pull Factors

attraction that draws immigrants to another place

Push Factors

a problem that causes people to immigrate to another place

Steerage

the open area below a ship a steamships's main deck, where most immigrants lived during the Alantic

Ellis Island

the port of entry for most European immigrants arriving in New York between 1892 and 1954

Settlement Houses

a community center that provided a variety of services to the poor, especially to immigrants

Political Bosses

powerful leaders that who ran local politics in many cities, providing jobs, and social services to immigrants in exchange for political support

Chinese Exclusion Act

an 1882 law prohibiting immigrants of Chinese laborers for 10 years and preventing Chinese already in the country to become citizens, the first U.S immigrants restriction based solely on nationality or race.

Muckrakers

a journalist who wrote about social, environmental, and political problems Americans faced in the early 1900's

Tenements

a run-down apartment building

Jacob Riis

a photographer that took the first photos of the tenements.

Infrastructure

the facilities or equipment required for an organization or community to function, including, roads, sewage and power systems, and transportation

The Jungle

Upton Sinclair's 1906 novel about unsanitary condition in meatpacking plants

Upton Sinclair

the author of The Jungle