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Quiz!
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Functions of Bone: |
Provide skeletal support and protection of soft tissue. Reservoir for calcium and phosphorus. |
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3 types of bone: |
Compact (haversion bone) Trabecular bone (spongy bone) (Cancellous bone) Bundle bone |
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1) Compact bone/haversion 2) Trabecular/spongy/cancellous or woven bone 3) Bundle bone |
Outside wall of bone, appears as a solid mass Lacey looking; hollow center of bone is filled w/traceculae. Contains bone marrow space with nerves, blood vessels and nutrients. Makes bone lighter in weight Alveolar bone proper, non layered bone found in periodontal ligament space. |
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Components of Bone: |
Cells, Fibers (collagen) and Ground substance. |
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What gives bone its strength? |
Fibers and Ground substance-that become mineralized with Calcium hydroxyapatite. |
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Bone is made up of what? |
50% mineral and 50% organic substance and water. |
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Cells found in the bone? |
Osteoblasts |
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Calicum withdrawn from the bone can lead to what? |
Osteoporosis |
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Bone forming cells with rounded nucleus, no lacuna and become osteocytes? |
Osteoblasts |
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Mature bone cells in the center of bone. Reside in the lacuna and found in the intercellular space? |
Osteocytes |
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Bone resorbing cells with a large multi-nucleated cell; originates from the osteocyte |
Osteoclast |
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Describe a howship's lacuna. |
A scalloped cavity of bone undergoing resorption or remodeling. Also termed a resorption pit. Within the lacunae are embedded the bone resorbing cells the osteoclasts. |
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On the surface where compression exists_________are initating resorption. |
Osteocytes |
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On the surface where tension exists_____ are creating new bone. |
Osteoblast |
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What is the most common type of mature bone, that can withstand a variety of force? |
Lamellar bone |
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Thin layers of bone arranced in concentric circles around a small central canal called a haversian canal? |
Concentric lamellar (haversian system bone) |
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A canal which contains small blood vessels and nerves. |
Haversian canal |
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A haversian canal along with the concentric lamellae surrounding it and the cells present. 4-20 concentric rings |
Osteon (Haversian system) |
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Carries blood vessels from outside of bone or from bone marrow into bone. |
Volkmann's Canal |
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Small vessels that connect to the larger vessel to ensure circulation of nutrients in bone. |
Canaliculi |
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Collagen fibers from tendons and ligaments extend into bone tissue at an angle, and become continuous with the collagen fibres of the bone matrix. |
Sharpeys fibers |
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one of the layers of Compact bone that underlie the periosteum and endosteum. |
Circumferential lamellar |
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Name the two types of circumferential lamellar? |
1) Outer circumferential |
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The inner and outer surfaces of long bone have lamellae that run the length of the shaft. |
Inner and Outer Circumferential Lamellar |
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Three types of lamellar bone? |
Concentric |
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Found in intervals between the osteons |
Interstitial lamellar |
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Non-lamellar bone that makes up embryonic stages (first 6 years of life). |
Woven/ Spongey/ cancellous bone |
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The first bone formed during repair of fractures? |
Woven/Spongey/Cancellous bone |
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Fibrous connective tissue covering the surface of bone, supporting bed for the blood vessels and nerves to the bone; used as an anchorage of tendons and ligaments |
Periosteum |
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Bone grows in 2 ways? |
1)Intramembranous (appositional)ossification |
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During ___________bone develops within a layer of connective tissue and is formed by osteoblasts? |
Intramembranous (appostitional)ossification |
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____________is resorbed and replaced by bone. It does not "turn into" bone. |
Cartilage |
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How does the maxilla or upper jaw grow? |
intramembranous/ appositional ossification |
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How do long bones and the mandible or lower jaw bone grow? |
Endochondral ossification |
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Long bones and the mandible are formed by what? |
Osteoblasts |
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Newly formed immature bone, located on the surface. |
Osteoid |
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non-layered bone; found in periodontal ligament space |
Bundle bone/alveolar bone proper |
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Young bone goes through 3 stages? |
1) Osteoblast forming the 2) osteoid that matures to 3) osteocyte |
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True or false |
True. |
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Structures that join bone together? |
Joints |
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2 main types of joints |
1 synarthoroses (sutures) |
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Synarthroses |
bone to bone; not moveable |
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diarthroses |
freely moveable |
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4 types of non-moveable joints (synarthrosis) |
1 syndesmoses |
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the connecting ligament may be fibrous or elastic-example is that of sutures of the infant skull |
syndesmoses |
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The bone joined to bone by bone-example is that of the sutures of the adult skull |
synostosis |
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bone to bone connected by cartilage-example is that of the ends of longe bones tibia/fibia |
synchondrosis |
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bone ending in cartilage connecting with bone ending in cartilage vertebrae |
symphysis |
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syndesmoses |
infant skull |
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synostosis |
adult skull |
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synchondrosis |
tibia/fibia |
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symphysis |
vertebrae |
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diarthrosis |
bone connected to bone by connective tissue and enclosed in a capsule-example knee, hip, elbow, tmj |
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TMJ |
Joint capsule |
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found in the joint capsule. Lubricates and is produced by synovial cells. |
synovial fluid |
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TMJ is divided into 2 compartments based on the position of the articular discs, what are they? |
Upper Compartment *Glide Lower Compartment *Hinge |
