Brain Lesions

Broca's Area

Nonfluent expressive aphasia (motor) with good comprehension

Wernicke's Aphasia

Fluent/receptive aphasia (sensory) with poor comprehension and nonsensical speech

Arcuate fasisculus

Conduction aphasia
-poor repetition with good comprehension, fluent speech
(connects Wernicke's to Broca's area)

Amygdala (Bilateral)

Kluver-Bucy syndrome
-Hyperorality, hypersexuality, disinhibited behavior

Frontal lobe

Personality changes, deficits in concentration, orientation, judgment
*May have reemergence of primitive reflexes

Right parietal lobe

Spatial neglect syndrome

Reticular activating system

Reduced levels of arousal and wakefulness (e.g. coma)

Mammillary bodies (bilateral)

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

Basal ganglia

May result in tremor at rest, chorea, athetosis (involuntary writhing movements)

Cerebellar hemisphere

Intention tremor, limb ataxia. Damage to the cerebellum results in IPSILATERAL deficits

Cerebellar vermis

Truncal ataxia, dysarthria

Subthalamic nucleus

Contralateral hemiballismus

Hippocampus

Anterograde amnesia - can't make new memories

PPRF

Eyes look away from the side of lesion

Frontal eye fields

Eyes look away from lesion