DH 108

Properties of an ideal disinfectant

1. Broad Spectrum
2. Fast Acting
3. Not affected by physical factors
4. Non Toxic
5. surface compatibility
6. residual effect on treated surfaces
7. easy to use
8. ordorless
9. economical

Labels must state:

1. Effectiveness and stability=i.e.
a. shelf life
b. use life
c. reuse life
2 directions for activation
3. type of container for storage and place
4. directions for use
a. precleaning and drying
b. time/temperature ratio
5. instructions for disposal
6. Warnings
a. toxic effects
b. directions for er care
c. msds

Chemicals must be:

a. tuberculocidal
b. bacteriocidal
c. virucidal
d. fungicidal

Types of Glutaraldehydes

a. alkaline
b. acidic
c. neutral preparations

Reccommended chemical disinfectants:

a. glutaraldehydes
b. chlorine
c. iodophors
d. phenolics

limitations to glutaraldehydes:

-caustic to skin
-irritating to eyes
-corrosive
-must sterile water rinse, after removal from immersion bath
-not to be used as a surface disinfectatnt because of toxic effecct of fumes

Action of glutaraldehydes?

kill microorganisms by damaging their proteins and nucleic acids

Action of Chlorine compounds?

Microorganisms are destroyed primarily by oxidation of microbial enzymes and cell wall components

chlorine dioxide use life?

one day

Due to its instability, daily fresh solutions are needed of this compound. using distilled water will improve stability?

Sodium Hypochlorite

Action of iodophors:

slow release of iodine creates a broad-spectrum antimicrobial.

Used in surgical antisepsis, liquid soaps, mouthrinses and surface disinfectants prior to injection?

poviodone-iodine

_____inactivates iodophors?

Hard Water-which is why the correct dilutin for hard surface disinfection requires soft/or distilled water.

___ Can be water-based or alcohol-based?

phenolics

Action of phenolics?

-protoplasmic poisons destroy the cell wall and precipitate protein.

Classification of inanimate objects;

critical
semi critical
noncritical
environmental

critical objects

penetrate tissue/bone
sterilize or disposable
needles/curets/explorers/probes

semicritical

touch intact mucous membrane
does not penetrate
sterilize after each use/ high level disinfectant when cannot be sterilized
radiographic bitblock/ultrasonic handpiece;amalgam condenser/mirror

noncritical

do not touch mucous membranes
cleaning and tuberculocidal intermediate-level disinfection
light handles/xray mach. parts
safety eyewear

environmental

no contact with patient surfaces
cleaning and intermediate to low disinfection
counter tops /equipment surfaces

what aspects reflect the character and conscientiousness of the dental personnel?

cleanliness and neatness

care of instruments and equipment contributes to?

control of diseas
increase in office efficiency
contributes to well-being
increase in pt. confidence
prolong usefulness
contribute to pt safety
decrease unpleasant odors

sequence for preparation for the appt.

hand contacts
sterilizable items
disposable items
items that maybe covered
items that require chemical disinfection

the effectiveness of the disinfection procedure is the result of two actions?

physical rubbing and the chemical inactivation of the living microorganism

procedure for clinical use of unit water lines?

flush at least 2 min. at the beginning of each day.
run water for 30 seconds before and 30seconds after each patient.

what 2 factors contribute to the prevention of disease transmission?

preprocedural oral hygiene measures
rinsing with an antimicrobial mouthrinse and toothbrushing