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Cytoplasm |
Everything in the cell outside of the nucleus |
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Nucleus |
Makes proteins and other important molecules and contains most of the cells' DNA |
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Nuclear Envelope |
Two cell membranes that surround the nucleus |
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Chromatin |
DNA bound to proteins in the nucleus |
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Chromosomes |
Structures that carry genetic information |
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Nucleolus |
Where ribosomes are made |
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Ribosomes |
Particles of proteins and RNA in the cytoplasm, they make proteins with special jobs |
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Endoplasmic Reticulum |
Where lipids are made, and proteins and other materials are exported |
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Golgi Apparatus |
Modify, sort and package proteins and other materials from the ER |
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Lysosomes |
Organelles with enzymes that breakdown carbohydrates, proteins and lipids |
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Vacuoles |
Store carbohydrates, water, proteins, and salts |
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Mitochondria |
Converts food to energy |
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Chloroplast |
Converts sunlight to energy through photosynthesis, mainly in plant cells |
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Cytoskeleton |
Protein filaments that help a cell keep its shape |
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Centriole |
Organize the cell, involved in cell division, not in plant cells |
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Prokaryote |
No nucleus, smaller and simpler, all bacteria are prokaryotes |
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Eukaryote |
Have nuclei, has organelles |
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Mitochondria energy formula |
Oxygen+Gluclose=ATP+H2O+CO2 |
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Chloroplast energy formula |
CO2+H2O+sunlight=glucose+O2 |
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Rough ER |
Has ribosomes on the surface where protein is made |
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Smooth ER |
Involved in lipid and steroid-hormone synthesis |
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Sensory Neurons |
Carry impulses to the central nervous system |
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Interneurons |
Neurons in the spinal cord that process the impulse |
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Motor Neurons |
Cause the effector to make a response |
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Synapse |
A small gap separating the axon terminal from the dendrite of another neuron |
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Neurotransmitters |
Chemicals used to transmit impulses across the synapse to another neuron or effector |
