Element Characteristics

most abundant element in the universe

H

simplest

H

most used for production of ammonia & vegetable oil

H

rocket fuel,fuel cell

H

2nd most abundant in the univererse

He

discovered in sun before found here on earth

He

lightest & simplest of all solids

Li

vital component(構成要素) in dry-cell batteries

Li

この物質 carbonate(炭酸) used to treat despression(うつ病)

Li

deadly poison with a sugary taste

Be

primary(主要な) constitunent(構成要素) in emeralds

Be

borax(ホウ砂)

B

graphite(黒鉛) & diamonds

C

MANY common compounds

C

main source is directly from earth as coal(石炭)

C

carbon-14 dating

C

most abundant gas in the earth's atmosphere

N

Haber process for ammonia

N

explosives

N

used when an nonreactive atmosphere is needed

N

nitrous oxide(亜酸化窒素)=laughing gas

N

vital for sustaining(持続させる) life

O

about 20% of atmosphere

O

ozone

O

most common element in earth's crust(地殻)

O

added to drinking water & tooth paste to reduce cavities(虫歯)

F

when electricity applied, it glows intense orange

Ne

so reactive, not found by itself in nature

Na

so many important compounds...sodium chlorine, sodium hydroxide(水酸化ナトリウム), sodeium bicarbonate(重曹)

Na

catalyst(触媒) in organic reactions so essential(不可欠) to good health

Mg

most abundant metal on the surface of the earth

Al

contained in common beach sand

Si

used to make glass, soap & adhesives(接着剤)

Si

used in fireworks, some forms are able to glow-in-the-dark

P

fertilizer(化学肥料)

P

odorless until contact with air or moisture(湿気) to form compounds

S

gun powder

S

auto batteries

S

common antiseptic(防腐剤) and bleaching agent

Cl

in WWⅠ,deadly gas

Cl

used in incandescent light(白熱電灯) bulds

Ar

compounds used in everything from fertilizers(化学肥料)

K

to salt substitutes(代用品)

K

to soaps & detergents(中性洗剤)

K

chalk

Ca

plaster(漆喰) of paris

Ca

limestone

Ca

2% of human body composed(構成する) of this in form or another

Ca

used in surgery(外科) b/c it does not react with flesh(皮膚) & bone

Ti

strong and very corrosion　resistant(さびにくい)

Ti

used in many pigments(顔料、絵具)

Cr

enhances(精度を高める) steel

Mn

used in railroad tracks

Mn

crucial(欠くことのできない) to the effectiveness(有効性) of Vitamin B, in your body

Mn

most plentiful, inexpensive & useful of all metals

Fe

molten iron dissolved(溶かす) in carbon produces...steel

Fe

characteristic blue, blue glass

Co

compounds tend to be green in color

Ni

only 25% of a nickel is made from Ni

Ni

used in powerful magnets

Ni

significant use in electrical industry(生産) & water pipes(送水管)

Cu

copper(Ⅱ) sulfate(硫酸銅)=pigment,algicides & fungicides(防かび剤)

Cu

coating applied to steel will prolong(延長する) its life

Zn

Zinc + copper=bress(真鍮、黄銅)

Zn

hightly poisonous

As

used as weed killer(除草剤) & rat poison

As

dyes(染料)

Br

disinfectants(殺菌剤)

Br

light bulbs(電球) & lamps that line airport runways

Kr

commonly used in teeth braces(歯列矯正器)

Pd

considered precious metal

Pd

included as a precious metal along with gold,palladium,iridium&platinum

Ag

usually mixed eith copper for cost & durability(耐久性)

Ag

silver iodine=rain-making chemical

Ag

responsible for mainly intense color paint pigments

Cd

a thin coating on steel cans prevents corrosion is ideal for food packing b/c nontoxic

Sn

black in its pure form

I

extracted(抽出される) from seawater/seaweed

I

needed for hormone in thyroid gland(甲状腺)

I

used in strobe lights

Xe

barium sulface is used in "barium cooktails"

Ba

able to ingest without injury to X-ray soft tissue

Ba

fireworks

Ba

has highest melting point of all metals; can be raised to a point

W

where it glows a bright white

W

used in the filaments(電球のフィラメント) of light bulbs

W

the most corrosion-resistant of all known metals(Kg standard)

Ir

difficult to get into useful shapes

Ir

precious metal used in jewely making & medical & dental field

Pt

have ancient origins

Au

pure gold=

24karat

known as quicksilver

Hg

thermometers and barometers

Hg

lead poisoning leading to birth defects & deformities(生まれつきの身体障害)

Pb

can contain radioactivity(放射能)

Pb

many times final result in a nuclear decay series(腐敗)

Pb

because of a very low melting point so used in heat activated(活性化する) elements

Bi

discovered with radium by Curie

Po

rare;rad;oactive emitting alpha particles

Po

heavy radioactive gas

Rn

possible health hazards in basements

Rn

some medical applications(がん細胞の破壊とか)

Rn

glows in the dark

Ra

intensely radioactive

Ra

used until the 50s for watch dials

Ra

still used for certain cancers

Ra

virtually(実質的には) all is used by the military or nuclear power industry(生産)

U

by-product of nuclear power plants

Pu

main ingredient in fission weapons

Pu

used to make chips for computers

Si

used in fire retardants(難燃性の) and detergents(洗浄力のある)

B

used in microwave equipment

Ga

deposits to build up on the engine

C

soda cans are easily crushed

Al

used in rechargeable(充電可能な) batteries

Cd

found in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics

Bi

Halogen red

Br

used in photography and as an antiseptic(防腐剤、消毒剤)

I

lightest halogen

Cl