L30: Maternal, Fetal, and Neonatal Circulation

Maternal cardiovascular adjustments to pregnancy are caused by ... (3)

-increase in circulating hormones
-increase in local mediators
-increased load placed on the maternal circulation

The increases in cardiac output are due to ... (3)

-increased heart rate
-increased stroke volume
-increased blood volume

The ______ returns oxygenated blood from the placenta

ductus venosus

The ______ is the opening in the atrial septum.

foramen ovale

The ______ is the low resistance vascular pathway from pulmonary artery to the aorta.

ductus arteriosus

The IVC receives blood from the ... (3) (fetal circulation)

-ductus venosus
-hepatic vein
-systemic veins

In fetal circulation, the left ventricle provides ___ of CO - mainly distributed to the _____, _____, & _____.

1/3
brain, heart, upper extremeties

In fetal circulation, the right ventricle provides ___ of CO, ___% of which flows through the _______.

2/3
85
ductus arteriosus

(fetal circulation)
The right and left ventricles are in series or parallel? Beat simultaneously or consecutively?

parallel
consecutively

(neonatal circulation)
The right and left ventricles are in series or parallel? Beat simultaneously or consecutively?

series
simulatneously

Blood flow from the aorta to the pulmonary artery is the _______. When is this present?

left-to-right shunt
patent ductus arteriosus

In patent ductus arteriosus, there is an increase in _______ & ________ pressures.

pulmonary artery & ventricular

Systemic blood is normally _______.

oxygenated

What are the effects of Tetralogy of Fallot?

reduced blood flow through pulmonary circulation causes systemic hypoxemia and cyanosis