L23: Systemic Circulation

Compliance is influenced by ... (3)

-vessel geometry
-elastic properties of the vessel
-vascular smooth muscle tone

Arterial pressure depends on ______ and ______.

arterial blood volume & arterial compliance

Pressure in the aorta and large arteries is ______ due to the type of output for the heart.

cyclical

______ is the transfer of blood to the venous circulation during diastole.

peripheral runoff

_______ is the peak aortic pressure.

systolic pressure

________ is the pressure in the aorta just prior to ventricular ejection.

diastolic pressure

pulse pressure (PP) =

SP - DP

_____ and _____ are the major determinants of mean arterial pressure.

cardiac output and peripheral resistance

The magnitudes of the pulse pressure and systolic pressure are determined mainly by the ______ & the ______.

stroke volume & aortic compliance

At a constant compliance, aortic pulse pressure increases as stroke volume _____.

increases

At a constant stroke volume, aortic pulse pressure increases as aortic compliance ______.

decreases

The left heart and the systemic arteries, capillaries, and veins are collectively called _______.

systemic circulation

Increasing stroke volume leads to _____ in aortic volume, which leads to _____ in pulse pressure, which leads to _____ systolic pressure.

increase
increase
increase

Increasing compliance leads to _____ in pulse pressure, which leads to _____ in systolic volume.

decrease
decrease

Increasing heart rate _____ EDV.

decreases

Up to ___% of the blood volume may be in the venous system at any one time.

75

In the respiratory pump of the veins, the more negative intrathoracic pressure causes an increase in venous transmural pressure and the veins _____.

dilate

Central venous pressure decreases as peripheral venous pressure ______.

increases