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psycholinguistics |
the study of acquisition, storage, comprehension, and production of language |
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Language |
organized way to express thoughts/feelings in a system of signals based on rules ( grammar) |
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Is language unique to humans only? |
Not yet approved. |
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A communication system is learned is.. |
language |
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T/F is Language biologically passed down? |
False! |
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What are four areas in psycholinguistics? |
1. linguistics |
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neurolinguistics |
biological changes that occurs inside the brain when it is learning a new language |
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what are properties of languages? |
1. communicative |
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I tell you I love you. This is one of what properties of language? |
communicative property |
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Arbitrarily symbolic |
smybols and concept are disconnected. For example, ?? |
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Generative property |
make new phrases by following rules of language |
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Dynamic |
let new words or ideas morph |
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Spam used to mean gross meat in can but now it means junk email. This is an example of what? |
dynamic |
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Another example is goggle. It used to be a noun but now it is used as a verb as in " Goggle it up!" |
dynamic |
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Structures of language are.. |
phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics |
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Phoneme |
smallest unit of speech, follows sounds. |
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What are common five sounds in English? |
/s/ /f/ /I/ /ae/ |
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T/F All languages use same set of phoneme. |
F |
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Morphology |
study of word structure |
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morpheme |
smallest unit that have a meaning ( ie. boy, chair) |
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Morpheme includes: |
root words, prefixes, suffixes |
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content morphemes |
words that shows the meaning ie. happy, beautiful |
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syntax |
rules used to string together a sentence |
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semantics |
the study of meaning in a language |
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If you somehow know that the sentence does not make sense, then you know.. |
semantics |
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what are three primary approaches in language comprehension? |
1) speech perception 3) discourse macro-level analysis |
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speech perception |
sound that are listened are put together to make a word. |
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I understand you! In other words.. |
I have speech perception! |
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T/F The speech must be prefect for you to understand. |
F! You can understand my mumble |
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coarticulation |
phonemes can overlap in time and confuse the context. The way of speaking varies the phonemes slightly. |
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phonetic refinement theory |
hear sounds then process them using what you already know to understand sounds' meaning. |
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Phoneme restoration effect |
our knowledge fill in missing sounds to create meaning for us |
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How do you can still understand this: |
You use phoneme restoration effect. |
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Categorical perception |
group sounds by lag between vocal vibrations ( also called Voice Onset time) |
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McGurk effect |
In the experiment- my lips move as if I was saying 'BA" but sound comes out as "DA". This illustrate that you depend both on lipreading and hearing. |
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Semantics |
denotation- meaning of the word |
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Bachelor and spinster both mean a unmarried person. But why used so differently? |
Bachelor sounds appealing while spinster is usually given to old maids stuck caring for cats and parents. |
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What is difference between |
?? |
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syntactical priming |
after being shown to a word or idea, the speaker repeats that word in next speech. |
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What kind of errors I can make in syntax? |
speech |
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What is phrase structure grammar? |
? |
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Language acquisition |
in universal stages from cooing to one word utterances to basic adult structures |
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How long does it take to learn a language? ( fluently) |
about 14 years |
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An experiment showed that we lose the ablilty to tell the sounds that we don't use in our language by 8 mons. old |
An example is.. |
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Children make mistakes like what? |
overextension errors |
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Spoonerisms |
Rev. Williams Archibald |
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You hissed my mystery lecture |
You missed my history lecture |
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Nature support comes in.. |
language acquisition device |
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Nuture support comes in.. |
environment stimulates the child.. |
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hypothesis testing view |
? |
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Animal language provides us with what? |
something to compare |
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What if I taught koko to read and was raised in a deaf school setting? |
? |
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Finnish over 12000 verbs |
Taloissanikinko? |
