Protein Synthesis
Includes both Transcription and Translation
| created: | about 1 month ago by alleyes7 | tags: | anatomy physiology biology |
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mRNA |
directs the synthesis of a protein |
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rRNA |
joins with ribosomal proteins to make ribosomes |
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tRNA |
binds to an amino acid and holds it in place on a ribosome until it is incorporated into a protein during translation |
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What is at either end of a tRNA? |
One side: a specific amino acid |
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tRNA: the tRNA anticodon attaches to the ___? (by pairing between complimentary bases) |
mRNA codon |
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What enzyme catalyzes DNA transcription? |
RNA polymerase |
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Where does the RNA polymerase attach to the DNA? |
Promoter |
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Introns |
A region within a gene that does not code for segments of a protein (located between exons) |
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pre-mRNA |
immediately after transcription the transcript includes info from both introns and exons |
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snRNPs |
Remove the introns from pre-mRNA and splice together the exons. The resulting product is a mRNA molecule |
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alternative splicing of mRNA |
the pre-mRNA is spliced in different ways to produce several different mRNAs, which are then translated into different proteins |
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Translation |
the nucleotide sequence in a mRNA molecule specifies the amino acid sequence of a protein |
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Where does Translation occur? |
Ribosomes in the cytoplasm |
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Where is the binding site for mRNA located? |
The small subunit of a ribosome |
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Where are the 2 binding sites for tRNA molecules? (P site and A site) |
The large subunit of a ribosome |
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What is AUG? |
The start codon on mRNA; also the codon for the amino acid methionine |