MC201-12 – Procedures

amniocentisis

transabdominal puncture of the amniotic sac under ultrasound guidance using a syringe to remove amniotic fluid

insufflation

delivery of pressurized air or gas into a cavity or organ to allow examination, remove an obstruction, or apply medication

tubal insufflation

test for patency of the uterine tubes made by transuterine insufflation with CO2 (aka Rubin test)

colposcopy

visual examination of the vagina and cervix with a magnifying instrument

laparoscopy

visual examination of the abdominal cavity through one or more small incisions in abdomen, usually at the umbilicus

chorionic villus sampling (CSV)

sampling of placental tissues for prenatal diagnosis of potential genetic defects

endometrial biopsy

removal of a sample of uterine endometrium for microscopic study

Papanicolaou (Pap) test

cytoligical study used to detect abnormal cells sloughed from cervix and vagina, usually during routine pelvic exam

mammography

radiographic exam of the breast to screen for breast cancer

hysterosalpingography

radiography of the uterus and uterine tubes (oviducts) using a contrast medium

pelvic ultrasonography

US of the pelvic region to evaluate reproductive system or fetal abnormalities

transvaginal ultrasonography

US of the pelvic area performed with a vaginal probe which provides sharper images of normal and pathalogical structures within the pelvis

breast implant revision

surgery to correct an unsuccessful procedure that has created a cosmetic problem or poses a health risk

cerclage

suturing the cervix to prevent it from dilating prematurely during pregnancy, decreasing chance of spontaneous abortion

cesarian birth

incision of the abdomen and uterus to remove the fetus (aka C-section)

colpocleisis

surgical closure of the vaginal canal

conization

excision of a cone shaped piece of tissue, such as mucosa of the cervix, for histological examination

cordocentesis

sampling of fetal blood drawn from the umbilical vein, performed under US guidance

cryosurgery, cryocautery

process of freezing tissue to destroy cells

dilatation and curettage (D&C)

widening of the cervical canal with a dilator and scraping of the uterine endometrium with a curette

episiorrhaphy

repair of a lacerated vulva or an episiotomy

episiotomy

incision of the perinium from the vaginal orifice. Usually done to prevent tearing of tissue and facilitate childbirth

hysterectomy

excision of the uterus

subtotal hysterectomy

hysterectomy where the cervix, ovaries, and fallopian tubes remain

total hysterectomy, complete hysterectomy

hysterectomy where the cervix is removed but the ovaries and fallopian tubes remain

total plus bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

total hysterectomy, including uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and ovaries

intrauterine device (IUD)

plastic or metal object placed inside the uterus to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterine lining

lumpectomy

excision of a small primary breast tumor and some of the normal tissue that surrounds it

mammoplasty

surgical reconstruction of the breast to change the size, shape, or position

augmentation mammoplasty

breast surgery to increase size or replace a prosthesis that has been removed

reduction mammoplasty

surgery to reduce the size of a breast. May be performed in conjunction with mastopexy to lift a sagging breast

mastectomy

excision of the entire breast

total (simple) mastectomy

excision of the entire breast, nipple, areola, and the involved overlying skin

modified radical mastectomy

excision of the entire breast, including the lymph nodes in the underarm (axillary dissection, usually included)

radical mastectomy

excision of the entire breast, all underarm lymph nodes, and chest wall muscles under the breast

myomectomy

excision of a myomatous tumor, generally uterine

reconstructive breast surgery

reconstruction of a breast that has been removed because of cancer or other disease

tissue expansion reconstructive breast surgery

breast reconstruction in which a balloon expander is inserted under skin and muscle, saline solution is injected, and the expander is replaced with a permanent implant

transverse rectus abdominis muscle flap

surgical creation of a skin flap using material from lower abdomen, passed under skin to the breast area, shaped into a breast and sutured into place

salpingo-oophorectomy

excision of an ovary and fallopian tube, usually identified as right, left or bilateral

tubal ligation

procedure that ligates (ties) the fallopian tubes to prevent pregnancy