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World's oldest religion |
Hinduism |
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Branches out of Hinduism |
Buddhism |
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Doesn't have a single founder |
Hinduism |
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Philosophy based around five basic relationships |
Confucianism |
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Belief System that begun around warring states period |
Confucianism |
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Philosophy that relates man with nature |
Daoism |
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Four Noble Truths #1 |
1. Life is pain and suffering |
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Four Noble Truths #2 |
2. Pain and suffering is called by desires and attachments |
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Four Noble Truths #3 |
3. You can eliminate pain and suffering by getting rid of these attachments |
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Four Noble Truths #4 |
4. To get rid of these attachments is taking the eight-fold path |
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Offered a more drastic alternative for south east asians to adopt |
Buddhism |
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Believes in one supreme being |
Hinduism |
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What goes around comes around |
Karma |
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Hindu word for reincarnation |
Samsara |
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Hindu ultimate goal |
Moksha |
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Nirvana |
Buddhist ultimate goal; Enlightenment |
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Oldest Hindu text |
Vedas |
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Belief system that became more prominent in south East Asia even though it was developed somewhere else |
Buddhism |
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Ruler to |
Subject |
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Husband to |
Wife |
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Brother to |
Brother |
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Father to |
Son |
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Friend to |
Friend |
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Philosophy that rejected man made order |
Daoism |
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Philosophy stating there was harmony between two opposing forces |
Daoism |
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Empire founded by Chandragupta Maurya |
Mauryan Empire |
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Great ruler who fought the great war against Kalinga and felt sorry afterwards and devotes himself to Buddhism |
Ashoka/Asoka |
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This ruler used wars and agreements to expand his empire in the subcontinent |
Chandragupta Maurya |
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Ruler with spies across the empire |
Chandragupta Maurya |
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Ruler that builds roads and rest stops across the empire in the subcontinent |
Ashoka/Asoka |
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Ruler that uses severe laws and penalties to unite the subcontinent empire |
Chandragupta Maurya |
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Ruler that established a universal healthcare so anyone could get good healthcare |
Ashoka/Asoka |
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Posts edicts throughout the empire |
Ashoka/Asoka |
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Edicts |
Messages (of peace) |
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The renaissance man |
Chandra Gupta |
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Chandra Gupta establishes the ___________ empire |
Gupta (duhh..) |
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Chandra Gupta promotes |
art, education, and other intellectual advancements |
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Gupta Empire Golden Age |
Period of intellectual advancements |
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List 3 Intellectual Advancements |
Astronomy, Literature, Mathematics, Sculpture, Medicine, Metalwork, Universities, Roads, Painting |
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Chandra Gupta expanded and controlled the north of the subcontinent through ___________ (instead of wars and agreements). |
marriage |
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The Gupta maintained power by granting regional ______________ |
autonomy |
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Autonomy |
Controlled independence (granted some independence but there is still a higher ruler to listen to) |
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Qin Government: |
Administrative District |
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Administrative District |
-Appointed officials without giving them land |
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Qin Political Philosophy |
Legalism |
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Legalism |
A political philosophy (not an ethical system) that needs a strong ruler with strong punishments (to maintain order). |
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The Qin burned all ____________ and ____________ evidence including books and people (Legalism is the only way!) |
Confucianism, Daoism |
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Qin Developments |
Infrastructure, Great Wall, Roads, Standardization |
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Qin Infrastructure |
consists for the public good: roads, schools, bridges, etc… |
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The Great Wall |
connected walls that had been previously built during the warring states period and made a huge wall that held off the nomadic warriors from the north |
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Qin Roads/Canals |
4000 miles of roads were built to help trade as well as canals and waterways that promoted internal trade |
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Qin Standardization |
To make the same: |
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Qin Downfall |
Overthrown by the Han dynasty: Peasants revolted (when they were going to be late and then killed) |
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Han Government |
Political philosophy based on Confucianism |
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Han Meritocracy |
Civil Service Exam |
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Assimilation |
the merging of cultural traits between distinct peoples |
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Han Economy |
-Silk Road |
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Silk Road |
Large trade route connecting Asia, the Middle East, India, and Europe. Advanced trade and introduced new ideas such as Buddhism |
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Han agricultural developments |
Wheelbarrow |
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The Han had Monopolies on |
Silk, Iron, and Salt |
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Han technological advancements |
• Paper |
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Han Downfall |
•Gap between rich and poor - rich landowners didn’t pay taxes |
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Sahel |
Transition land from Sahara to Savanna that is expanding the Sahara |
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Kalahari Desert |
Desert in the southern tip of Africa |
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Namib Desert |
Desert on the west coast of the southern tip of Africa (west of Kalahari Desert) |
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Atlas Mountains |
Mountain range in the north west part of Africa around modern day Morocco |
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Huge valley extending through Egypt in the north east Africa all the way down to Mozambique |
Great Rift Valley |
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Large lake in the center of the Sahara |
Lake Chad |
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Large lake in central-east Africa above the Serengeti Plain |
Lake Victoria |
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Mountain range next to the horn of Africa on the eastern side of the continent |
Ethiopian Highlands |
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Large basin in central Africa with large rainforest |
Congo Basin |
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Longest lake in Africa under the Serengeti plain |
Lake Tanganyika |
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Large river running through the Congo Basin |
Congo River |
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Large plain directly under lake Victoria |
Serengeti plain |
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One of the longest rivers in the world running north into the Mediterranean Sea |
Nile river |
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Large sea running between the Arabian peninsula and north east Africa |
Red Sea |
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Second largest river in Africa running into the Atlantic Ocean |
Niger river |
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Largest peak in the continent |
Mt. Kilimanjaro |
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Ocean lying to the east of Africa |
Indian Ocean |
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Ocean lying to west of Africa |
Atlantic Ocean |
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Sea lying to the north of Africa |
Mediterranean Sea |
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Migration |
When a group moves from one territory or country to another |
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Early African religions: |
Animism |
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Animism |
The worship of spirits of nature and ancestors |
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Most African history is passed down by _____ |
Griots |
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Griots |
Storytellers/oral historians |
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Africans skipped the _________ and __________ and went directly into the Iron Age |
Bronze Age, Copper Age |
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The Nok |
West Africa's earliest known culture |
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Djenne-Djeno |
The oldest known city south of the Sahara in Africa |
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Bantu Migrations |
The Bantu people migrate to south and south east Africa bringing their cultures and language with them |
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Effects of Migration |
Brings diverse cultures into contact; changes in the new land |
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How can one trace migration? |
One way to trace migration is to study how languages spread |
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Bantu means __________ |
the people |
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Early Bantu migration people lived by ________________ farming and nomadic ____________ |
slash-and-burn, herding |
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Causes of Bantu Migrations |
-Bantu people moved to find new farmland and flee from the growing Sahara |
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How do Bantu migrations help to unify the continent? |
Languages help to unify the continent |
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Aksum |
Large trading kingdom located on the Horn of Africa that helped bring many different cultures together through trade |
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Adulis |
Chief Aksum port that has access to the Red sea. |
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King Ezana of Aksum |
Conquers the Arab peninsula and the Kushites by burning the Kushite city Meroe |
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Aksum Culture |
Blended traditions of Arabs and Kushites |
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Adulis Population Origins |
Egyptian, Arab, Greek, Roman, Persian, and Indian |
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Before Christianity, Aksumite beliefs were based on: |
Belief in one god Mahrem and the king of Aksum was his descendant |
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How does Aksum become Christian? |
King Ezana is educated by Christian man and declares new official religion Christianity |
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Aksum Innovations |
Written language, minted coins, irrigation canals, and dams |
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Aksumites invent _______ farming due to hilly/mountainous location |
terrace |
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The Fall of Aksum |
Islamic Invaders attack and take over Adulis. Soon after, Islam spreads |
