Cells and Cell Theory

If a cell contains a nucleus , it must be a ____________.

Eukaryote

True or False:
The main function of the CELL WALL is to provide support and protection.

True

The assembly of of ribosomes begins in a small dense structure called the ___________.

Nucleolus

The _______________ helps to move organelles within the cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Many membranes proteins are made by the _________ Endoplasmic Reticulum.

Rough

The _____________ regulates which substances enter and leave a cell.

Cell Membrane

What is Cell Theory?
(Hint: There are 3 parts)

1.) All living things are made up of 1 or more cells.
2.) Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in all living things.
3.) All cells come from pre-existing cells.

True or False:
Diffusion is the only way molecules can get in or out of a cell.

False

True or False:
If a cell is placed in hypertonic solution, it will shrivel up.

True

True or False:
A concentration gradient exists in an isotonic solution.

False

Structure inside protists that collects excess water and squeezes it outside through the membrane.

Contractile Vacuole

Release of wastes or cell products from inside to outside a cell.

Exocytosis

Movement of particles from an area of higher concentration of lower concentration.

Diffusion

Movements of large amounts of wastes or cell products into a cell.

Endocytosis

Diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membranes.

Osmosis

Continuous movement of particle but no overall change in concentration .

Dynamic Equilibrium

Movement of materials against the concentration gradient.

Active Transport

Loss of water from a cell resulting in a drop in turgor pressure and eventually cell death.

Plasmolysis

Various proteins are embedded within the cell membrane. What are two functions they have?

1.) Structure
2.) They help hydrophilic molecules get into the cell.

Equation for Cellular Respiration

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

Equation for Photosynthesis

12H2O + 6CO2 --> 02 + C6H12O2 +H20

Three factors that effect Cellular Respiration and Why?

1.) Amount of Oxygen- the less the amount of O2, the longer the reaction takes.
2.) Temperature- Low temperatures cause movement to slow. High temperatures denature enzymes causing the reaction to slow.
3.) Denatured Enzymes- The more denatured enzymes,

Three factors that effect Photosynthesis and Why?

1.) pH level- pH denatures enzymes if it is too high, causing a slowed reaction.
2.) Sunlight/Light- More light, means quicker reaction.
3.) Enzyme Concentration- The more enzymes the faster the reaction.

Endocytosis

Cells that will engulf particles of food, foreign particles or even other cells in to the membrane

Phagocytosis

When large cells are taken in by endocytosis

Pinocytosis

The filling of liquid into tiny pockets and pinching off to fill vacuole.

Exocytosis

Release of waste or cell products from inside to outside of the cell.

Diffusion

The movement of molecules in response to a concentration gradient.

Osmosis

The diffusion of water against a selectively permeable membrane in response to a concentration gradient.

Facilitated Diffusion

Diffusion of materials across a cell membrane assisted by carrier molecules.

Active Transport

Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient.

Hypotonic

Enters quickly, Exits slowly.
(HYDRO (MORE WATER))

Hypertonic

More Solute, Less Water.

Isotonic

Equal Intake, and Outtake .