Science Chapter 1 Cell Biology

Ingestion

taking in food; eating

RNA

nucleic acid that "reads" the genetic information carried by DNA and guides the protein making process

Fats

substance that supplies the body with energy and also helps support and cushion the vital organs in the body:
solid at room temperature

Sugar

one of the main types of carbohydrates

Digestion

a process where large carbohydrates are broken down into smaller carbohydrates

Respiration

process in which simple food substances such as glucose are broken down and the energy they contain is released

Stimulus

signal to which an organism reacts; changes in the environment

Homeostasis

ability of an organism to keep conditions inside its body the same, even though conditions in its external environment change

Development

the growth of a human body

Sexual Reproduction

reproduction usually involving two parents in which a sex cell from each parent unite to form an offspring

Movement

the process of moving

Carbohydrates

energy rich substance found in foods such as vegetables, cereal grains, and breads ;sugars and starches.
they are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
they serve as the main source of energy.

Proteins

substance used to build and repair cells; made up of amino acids.
are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur and phosphorus.

Lipids

-include fats, waxes and oils
-composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
-secondary source of energy

Nucleic Acids

large, organic compound that stores information that helps the body make the proteins it needs; DNA or RNA.

Spontaneous Generation

hypothesis that states that life can spring from non-living matter.

Francesco Redi

an Italian physician who was the first to attempt to disprove spontaneous generation.

Inorganic Compounds

compound found in living things that does not contain the element carbon

Organic Compounds

compound found in living things that contains the element carbon.

DNA

nucleic acid that stores the information needed to build proteins and carries genetic information about an organism.

Catalyst

speed up or slow down a chemical reactions but are not used up by the reaction.

Amino Acids

building blocks of protein.

Genes

DNA is the molecule of which your genes are made.

Starch

also known as polysaccharides.
starches are also complex carbohydrates.

Metabolism

the sum total of all chemical activities in an organism.

Excretion

the process of getting rid of waste materials.

Response

some action or movement of an organism brought on by a stimulus.

Life Span

maximum length of time an organism can be expected to live.

Asexual Reproduction

reproduction requiring only one parent.

Competition

the struggle among organisms, both of the same or different species to fight for food, water, and energy from the sun.

Energy

All living things need energy. The primary source of energy is the sun. That is where the organisms in plants or animals get there energy to run, or produce more flowers.

Lazzaro Spallanzani

was an Italian naturalist, who also attemted to disprove the theory after about one hundred years after Redi.
-Theory solved by using the broth

Louis Pasteur

he finally disproved the theory using the "S" shaped tubes connected to the broth.

Biogenesis

the production of living organisms from other living organisms