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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vitamins
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in mammalian nutrition refers to an organic compound required in minute amounts
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Triglycerides
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organic molecules made of one molecule of glycerol combined with three fatty acid molecules
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Thymine
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one of the pyrimidine bases found in the nucleotides that are the building blocks for DNA
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Substrate
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compound on which an enzyme acts
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Stroma
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in chloroplasts, the semi-fluid substance between the grana and which contains enzymes for some of the reactions of photosynthesis
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Monomers
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small sub-units of the larger units of cells (polymers); also known as the building blocks of cells and include sugars, fatty acids, amino acids and nucleotides
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Non-polar
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refers to substances that tend to be insoluble in water; also called hydrophobic
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Polymers
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large molecule made of identical or similar single cells, for example, starch which is made of many glucose units
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Hydrogen Bonds
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weak non-covalent bonds that form between complementary nucleotides in different DNA strands; hydrogen bonds are responsible for stabilising the structure of the DNA double helix
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Hydrophilic
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refers to substances that dissolve easily in water; also called polar
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Hydrophobic
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refers to substances that tend to be insoluble in water; also called non-polar
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Photosynthesis
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process by which plants trap the radiant energy of sunlight to produce carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water
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Nucleic Acids
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compound, such as DNA or RNA, built from nucleotide sub-units
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Proteins
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large molecules made from many amino acids joned by peptide bonds
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Minerals
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inorganic substance required as a nutrient
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