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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What made Babylonia a crossroads of trade?
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The central location of Babylonia Mesopotamia made it a crossroads of trade
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How did the Assyrians build a large empire?
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The Assyrians decided their best defense would be to attack first.
These surprise attacks made the empire very large. |
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Why did the Assyrian empire fall?
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The Chaldeans and the Medes joined forces to defeat the Assyrians.
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What events led to the second rise of Babylonia?
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After defeating the Assyrians, the Chaldeans and Medes rebuilt and fortified the city of Babylon.
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Where was the city of Babylon located, and why was it important?
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Babylon was located near the center of Mesopotamia. It was important as a center for trade and as the capital of great empires.
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How did the New Babylon Empire build on the achievements of earlier empires?
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The New Babylonian Empire drew on the learning and science of earlier empires, including the earlier Babylon Empire.
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How did the Assyrians build an empire?
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The Assyrians used advanced military technologies to conquer surrounding peoples.
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How was the Assyrian empire similar to or different from other Fertile Crescent empires:
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Similar: Emphasis on conquests and learning
Different: Developed new military technologies |
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Where did the Persians come from and what were their main achievements?
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The Persians came from the present-day nation of Iran, and their main achievements were that they developed an advanced bureaucracy and supported science and mathematics. This rich trade network spread to neighboring peoples.
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What were the main achievements of the Persians and what has been their lasting achievement?
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Through trade and conquest (war) the Persians spread their religion, their bureaucracy (helped shape our modern day civilization) and the sciences to other countries (territories).
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Why was Hammurabi's Code important?
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Written laws meant everyone could know the rules and the punishments and they could be applied fairly.
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What did Sumerian scribes do?
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They recorded sales and trades, tax payments, gifts for gods, marriages and deaths, letters.
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When, where, and how did writing first develop?
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Writing first developed in Mesopotamia around 3100 BC. At first, people drew symbols that represented exact objects. Eventually, these symbols developed into groups of wedges and lines.
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What was Hammurabi's Code, and what was its purpose in ancient Babylonia?
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It was a written set of laws followed by Babylonians; It was meant to prevent people from breaking the rules and to punish them if they did.
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What does the expression "an eye for an eye" mean in relation to the laws in Hammurabi's Code?
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It meant the punishment equaled the crime.
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Hammurabi's Code was fair in some ways and unfair in other ways. Explain.
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Fair - laws were made to help people settle conflicts;
Unfair - laws were applied unequally depending on the victim's class in society. |
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Why do you think the Phoenicians looked (traveled) to foreign lands and sea trade to develop wealth?
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They had limited resources to trade with neighbors and then took advantage to their location (near the sea) to expand their trade and wealth.
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How did the Phoenician alphabet spread throughout the ancient world?
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It spread due to the sea trade of the Phoenicians.
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What resources did the Phoenician first use to build their wealth?
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The Phoenicians first used the dyed cloth (from sails) and wood (cedar) to build their wealth.
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Who were the Israelites?
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People that were first called Hebrews, that lived (settled) in the Jordan River Valley, and made a huge impact on our civilization.
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Who were the Phoenicians?
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People that lived along the E. coast of the Mediterranean Sea and developed sea trade routes through-out the Mediterranean Sea.
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How did the Phoenicians gain their wealth and power?
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At first, through selling (trading) wood (cedar) and dye (from snails) to their land neighbors, later they gained power and wealth from sea trade.
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What are some features of the Phoenician alphabet?
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It was made up of 22 symbols that represented sounds; each letter stood for one consonant. And it was much easier to learn than cuneiform.
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Describe the importance of the Phoenician alphabet? How did it affect the Mediterranean world and later civilization?
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First, it was easy to learn. It made trading easier and through trade it spread throughout the Mediterranean Sea area quickly. It was also the basis for later alphabet systems.
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Briefly trace the history of the Israelites from the leadership of Abraham to King Solomon.
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Abraham led the Israelites from Mesopotamia to Canaan. He taught them monotheism. Because of the famine, many fled to Egypt where they prospered for many years. Moses would lead them from Egypt back to Canaan (called Exodus). King Saul, David, & Solomon would reunite the Israelites.
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What important events in the history of the Israelites were shaped by movement and by war?
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The Israelites moved to Egypt from Canaan due to famine. When they left Egypt, they wandered in the desert for 40 years. They united under King Saul and David. They were then conquered by the Assyrians and exiled.
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According to the Torah, what was the covenant renewed by Moses between God and Israelites?
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God would lead the Israelites to Canaan IF the Israelites would obey God faithfully.
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What are the Ten Commandments?
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The Ten Commandments are the laws the Israelites believe God gave then to follow.
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How did the Jews preserve their heritage?
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The Jewish people preserved their heritage by living together in close communities; obeying their religious laws; worshiping at their temples and following traditions.
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What promise did the Israelites believe God made to Abraham?
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They believed God promised Abraham that his people would be kings and build nations.
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What did God's covenant with Abraham require of the Israelites?
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To obey God faithfully.
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Why did the Israelites believe that they were God's chosen people?
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It was based on the covenant made between God and Abraham and later renewed by Moses.
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What religious laws did they Israelites follow?
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The religious laws set forth in the Torah, including the 10 Commandments.
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How does Judaism compare with the beliefs of other people of the ancient world?
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Most ancient people believed in many gods that were connected to specific places or people; the Israelites believed in one all powerful God that was everywhere.
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What do the laws of Judaism say about the moral values of the Israelites?
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These laws show:
That the Israelites were concerned with honoring God above men. With issues of right and wrong (moral ethics). Helping the less fortunate. |
