IB Heart and Heartbeat

superior/inferior vena cava: 1. What number is this part on the diagram? 2. Where does blood enter it from? 3. Is the blood high or low in oxygen in this part? 4. Where does blood go after this part?

1. 2/8 2. the body's veins 3. low/deoxygenated 4. right atrium

right atrium: 1. What number is this part on the diagram? 2. Where does blood enter it from? 3. Is the blood high or low in oxygen in this part? 4. Where does blood go after this part?

1. 5 2. superior and inferior vena cavae 3. low/deoxygenated 4. right ventricle

right ventricle: 1. What number is this part on the diagram? 2. Where does blood enter it from? 3. Is the blood high or low in oxygen in this part? 4. Where does blood go after this part?

1. 7 2. right atrium 3. low/deoxygenated 4. pulmonary artery

pulmonary artery: 1. What number is this part on the diagram? 2. Where does blood enter it from? 3. Is the blood high or low in oxygen in this part? 4. Where does blood go after this part?

1. 9 2. right ventricle 3. low/deoxygenated 4. to lungs

pulmonary vein: 1. What number is this part on the diagram? 2. Where does blood enter it from? 3. Is the blood high or low in oxygen in this part? 4. Where does blood go after this part?

1. 4/10 2. from lungs 3. high/oxygenated 4. left atrium

left atrium: 1. What number is this part on the diagram? 2. Where does blood enter it from? 3. Is the blood high or low in oxygen in this part? 4. Where does blood go after this part?

1. 11 2. pulmorary veins 3. high/ oxygenated 4. left ventricle

left ventricle: 1. What number is this part on the diagram? 2. Where does blood enter it from? 3. Is the blood high or low in oxygen in this part? 4. Where does blood go after this part?

1. 14 2. left atrium 3. high/oxygenated 4. aorta

aorta: 1. What number is this part on the diagram? 2. Where does blood enter it from? 3. Is the blood high or low in oxygen in this part? 4. Where does blood go after this part?

1. 1/15 2. left ventricle 3. high/oxygenated 4. to body's arteries

What is the function of the coronary artery?

supply the heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients

Which parts of the heart collect the blood from the body?

the atria

Which parts of the heart pump the blood (over longer distances)?

the ventricles

Which parts of the heart control the direction of blood flow?

the atrio-ventricular and semilunar valves

For the valve between the right atrium and right ventricle: 1. what is it's name? 2. When does it open? 3. When does it close?

1. atrio-ventricular valve 2. when the pressure in the right artrium is higher than in the right ventricle following contraction of the atria 3. when the pressure in the ventricle is higher than tha atria due to the blood that has flown into it

For the valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery: 1. what is it's name? 2. When does it open? 3. When does it close?

1. semilunar valve 2. when the pressure in the right ventricle is higher than in the pulmonary artery following contraction of the ventricles 3. when the pressure in the pulmonary artery is higher than tha ventricle due to pressure reduction into the ventricle after the blood has flown out of it and a corresponding pressure increase in the pulmonary artery

For the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle: 1. what is it's name? 2. When does it open? 3. When does it close?

1. atrio-ventricular valve 2. when the pressure in the left artrium is higher than in the left ventricle following contraction of the atria 3. when the pressure in the ventricle is higher than tha atria due to the blood that has flown into it

For the valve between the left ventricle and aorta: 1. what is it's name? 2. When does it open? 3. When does it close?

1. semilunar valve 2. when the pressure in the left ventricle is higher than in the aorta following contraction of the ventricles 3. when the pressure in the aorta is higher than tha ventricle due to pressure reduction into the ventricle after the blood has flown out of it and a corresponding pressure increase in the pulmonary artery

What is systole?

Contraction of a heart chamber

What is diastole?

Relaxation of heart chambers

What does myogenic muscle contraction mean? Where does it happen?

myogenic=the cells contract without outside signals; the cells of the heart are myogenic

What does the pacemaker (SA node) do? Where is it?

controls the heart beat/ coordinates the actions of the heart muscle cells by creating electrical impulses; found in the wall of the right atrium

How do nerves affect the heartrate?

connects the brain to the pacemaker; increases heart rate by stimulating the pacemaker (for example, during exercise) or decrease by making the pacemaker work more slowly

What part of the brain controls the heart rate?

the medulla of the brain

Which hormone increases heart rate?

ephinephrine (adrenaline), which increases heartrate

When the SA node sends out an electrical signal, what happens?

both atria contract (atrial systole)

Where is the AV node?

lower right atruium

What causes the AV to send out an electrical impulse?

It gets the impulse from the SA node, delays slightly, and then sends out its impulse

When the AV node sends out an electrical signal, what happens?

both ventricles contract (ventricular systole)

Which chambers of the heart have thicker walls? How is structure related to function?

The ventricles are thicker than the atria because they require more muscle to pump the blood longer distances. The left ventricle is thicker than the right ventricle because it pumps blood father…to the whole body rather than just to the lungs

What creates the first sound in the heartbeat?

The atrio-ventricular closing after atrial systole

What creates the second sound in the heartbeat?

The semilunar valve closing during ventricular diastole ( after ventricular systole)