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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the four types of tissue
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1. Epithelial
2. Nervous 3. Muscle 4. Connective |
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What are the two general types of epithelial tissue?
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Covering and Glandular
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What are the major function of epithelial tissue?
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Absorption, Secretion, Transport, Protection, Sensory perception
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What are the types of epithelial cell surface specialization?
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Cilia (mucus and fluid movement)
& Microvilli (increase surface area for absorption) |
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How are covering epithelia classified?
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Number of cell layers: simple, stratified, pseudostratified
Shape of cells: squamous, cuboidal, columnar (& transitional) |
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How are glandular epithelia classified?
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Endocrine and Exocrine (structure, secretory product, and mode of secretion)
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Describe the means by which covering epithelia are attached to the underlying connective tissue?
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Hemidesmosomes attach covering epithelia to the basement membrane
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List epithelial organizations for adhesion and intercellular contact.
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-Occluding Junctions (tight junctions)
-Anchoring Junctions (cell to cell include desmosomes and adherent junctions) (cell to matrix includes hemidesmosome) -Communicating Junctions (Gap Junctions) |
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How do gap junctions function?
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Electrically and metabolically couple cells by allowing molecules such as ions, amino acids, CAMP and certain hormones less than 1 kDa to pass through a pair of hydrophilic connexon channels
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What are the general functions of connective tissue?
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-Support
-Storage -Transport/Medium Exchange -Repair -Defense |
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Name the three components of connective tissue.
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Cells, fibers, and ground substances
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Name the germ layers from which connective tissue is derived.
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Neural crest and mesoderm
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List the cell types found in connective tissue.
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Fixed cells: fibroblasts, reticulocytes, adipocytes, mesenchyme
Wandering Cells: mast cells, macrophages, other leukocytes |
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What cells are derived from the mesenchyme cell?
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Fibroblasts, which synthesize collage and the extracellular matrix
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What is the function of ground substance?
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To provide support and nutrition for cells. Ground substance provides proteinaceouss components such as proteoglycans, matrix proteins, and water to cells
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Ground subtance is made up of which two glycoconjugates?
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Glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins
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Name the three main fiber types in connective tissue
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Collage, Elastic, and Reticular
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Distinguish between regular and irregular dense connective tissue
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Regular: fibrous material is bundled parallel to each other=> tough (ex. tendon)
Irregular: fibrous material is meshed together=> flexible (ie. skin dermis) |
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Describe elastic connective tissue. Where is it found in the body?
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Elastic connective tissue has high concentrations of elastic fibers and is found in arteries and lungs. (ex. Aorta)
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Describe reticular connective tissue. Where is it found in the body?
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Reticular connective tissue consists of a high concentration of reticular fibers, which are the main structural part of tissues. Found in lymph nodes.
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Describe mucous connective tissue. Where is it found in the body?
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It is a type of connective tissue found during fetal development. This forms the umbilical cord and is sometimes equivalent to mesenchymal connective tissue.
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List the two types of adipose tissue.
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1. Brown adipose tissue: found in neonates and used to transfer energy from food into heat
2. White adipose tissue: predominant, used for heat insulation, cushioning, and energy source. |
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Give two examples of supportive connective tissue.
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Bone and cartilage
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